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|Section2= |Section3= |Section5= |Section6= |Section7= |Section8= }} Mercury(II) chloride or mercuric chloride (archaically, corrosive sublimate) is the chemical compound of mercury and chlorine with the formula HgCl2. This white crystalline solid is a laboratory reagent and a molecular compound. Once used as a treatment for syphilis, it is no longer used for medicinal purposes because of mercury toxicity and the availability of superior treatments. ==Production and basic properties== Mercuric chloride exists not as a salt composed of discrete ions, but rather is composed of linear triatomic molecules, hence its tendency to sublime. In the crystal, each mercury atom is bonded to two close chloride ligands with Hg—Cl distance of 2.38 Å; six more chlorides are more distant at 3.38 Å.〔Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.〕 Mercuric chloride is obtained by the action of chlorine on mercury or mercury(I) chloride, by the addition of hydrochloric acid to a hot, concentrated solution of mercury(I) compounds such as the nitrate: :HgNO3 + 2 HCl → HgCl2 + H2O + NO2, Heating a mixture of solid mercury(II) sulfate and sodium chloride also affords volatile HgCl2, which sublimes and condenses in the form of small rhombic crystals. Its solubility increases from 6% at to 36% in . In the presence of chloride ions, it dissolves to give the tetrahedral coordination complex ()2−. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mercury(II) chloride」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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